Symptoms of Experimental Endolymphatic Hydrops : Possibly a Potassium Contamination from Perilymph
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چکیده
The cause(s) of Meniere's disease is(are) not known but two main hypotheses have been proposed and have been widely accepted, to explain the characteristic symptoms: low frequency hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo. It is supposed that there is an overpressure within the endolymphatic spaces accompanied by fissures in the membranes, and in particular in the Reissner's membrane, which leads to the mixing of potassium rich endolymph with perilymph. Our data do not fit well with such hypotheses and we have proposed a different mechanism. According to our hypothesis the swelling volume of endolymph displaces the Reissner's membrane towards scala vestibuli (SV) [which has a K+ concentration of 6.4 mM] which forces the ouifiow of perilymph through the helicotrema into scala tympani (ST) [which has a K+ concentration of 3.4 mM]. The relative doubling of the concentration of K within the ST towards the apex of the cochlea might provoke low frequency sensitivity loss, tinnitus, and cause a local deterioration of sensory hair cells and spiral ganglion cells. RESUME Les causes de la maladie de Meniere ne sont pas connues. II y a deux hypothese repandues pour expliquer les symptornes associ6es: une perte de sensibilite pour les frequences graves, des acouphenes, des ,crises de vertiges. On suppose qu'il y a une surpression dans les espaces endolymphatiques et des fissures dans les membranes et en particulier celle de Reissner et par suite il y aurait un melange de I'endolymphe avec la perilymphe. Nos donnees sur le modele ne sont pas en accord avec ces hypotheses et nous proposons une nouvelle hypothese. Selon celle-ci il y aurait un flux de la perilymphe de la rampe vestibulaire (qui a une concentration de K+ de 6,7 mM) A travers I'helicotr8me vers la rampe tympanique (qui a une concentration de K+ de 3,4 mM). L'augmentation de la concentration de potassium dans la rampe tympanique vers I'apex de la cochlee peut provoquer une perte de sensibilite pour les basses frequences ainsi que des acouphenes et aussi une deg6n6rescence des cellules sensorielles et ganglionnaires.
منابع مشابه
Effect of artificial endolymph injection into the cochlear duct on perilymph potassium.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between endolymphatic hydrops and perilymphatic potassium. METHODS 20 pigmented guinea pigs were used: 10 for scala vestibuli study and 10 for scala tympani study. Acute endolymphatic hydrops was produced by microinjection of an artificial endolymph into the scala media. Injections were performed in the second turn at rates up to 500 nl/min for a peri...
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The mechanism of the attacks of vertigo occurring during the course of Meniere’s disease has been a matter of speculation for over a hundred years. An early theory was that vasospasm of intracochlear blood vessels caused the attacks and treatment options included vasodilators and even cervical sympathectomy was undertaken. The most cherished theory [1] has been that endolymphatic hydrops leads ...
متن کاملMeniere Disease
Endolymphatic hydrops (can only be diagnosed by postmortem histopathological examination of temporal bone) Immunological Mechanism Genetic Predisposition (AD inheritence) Viral Predisposition not proved Vascular Etiology (Migraine Association) (VIG viral vascular, immunological, genetic) RUPTURE THEORY Periodic ruptures of the membranous labyrinth, which result in leakage of the potassium-rich ...
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تاریخ انتشار 2016